Russia Launches Three Iranian Satellites into Orbit: NPR Report
On Sunday, Russia successfully launched three Iranian satellites into orbit, according to Iranian state television. This operation occurred from the Vostochny launch site in eastern Russia.
Details of the Launch
The launch featured a Russian rocket that placed the satellites into a low Earth orbit of approximately 500 kilometers (310 miles). The three satellites, named Paya, Kowsar, and Zafar-2, aim to enhance Iran’s communication capabilities.
- Paya: 150 kilograms (330 pounds) – Heaviest satellite ever deployed by Iran.
- Kowsar: 35 kilograms (77 pounds) – Specific details of Zafar-2’s weight are not provided.
These satellites are designed to provide high-resolution images, up to 3 meters, beneficial for managing water resources, agriculture, and environmental monitoring. Each satellite has a projected lifespan of up to five years.
Strengthened Iran-Russia Relations
This launch is the second instance of Iranian satellite deployment by Russia since July, reinforcing the ongoing strategic partnership between the two nations. In July 2025, a Russian rocket successfully orbited Nahid-2, another Iranian communications satellite.
The collaboration comes in the context of broader geopolitical tensions. Russia has condemned recent strikes against Iran by Israeli and U.S. forces, emphasizing their strong diplomatic ties.
International Reactions and Context
The United States has criticized Iran’s satellite launches, interpreting them as violations of a U.N. Security Council resolution. The U.S. urges Iran to refrain from activities related to ballistic missiles capable of nuclear delivery. Notably, U.N. sanctions pertaining to Iran’s ballistic missile program expired in 2023.
As Iran continues to develop its satellite capabilities, the strategic partnership with Russia plays a pivotal role in its space ambitions.
