Portugal Experiences Record Rainfall After Over a Decade

In 2025, Portugal faced a historic weather pattern characterized by significant rainfall and elevated temperatures. The Portuguese Institute of Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA) reported this year as the third wettest since 2000, marking a return to such levels not seen in over a decade.

Record Rainfall in Portugal

Portugal recorded 1,064.8 millimeters of precipitation in 2025, exceeding the average for the 1991-2020 period by 245.5 millimeters. This year marked the most significant rainfall since 2013.

• 44 new rainfall extremes were established, predominantly in January and November.
• In December, water levels in Algarve reservoirs reached an average of 72% capacity, secure enough for three to four years of urban consumption.

Heat Waves and Rising Temperatures

Alongside the record rainfall, Portugal experienced six heat waves throughout the year, significantly impacting temperature averages. The annual air temperature in 2025 averaged 16.47 degrees Celsius, 0.81 degrees higher than the norm for 1991-2020.

• This year was the fifth hottest in Portugal since records began in 1931.
• The maximum air temperature reached a peak of 46.6 degrees Celsius in Mora during a heat wave in June.

Impact of Climate Change

The IPMA’s report emphasized the changing climate dynamics with increased weather extremes. The year saw:

• 60 new maximum temperature records, 90% of which occurred between May and June.
• 42 new minimum temperature extremes, primarily noted in September.

Concerns About Drought and Wildfires

Despite the high precipitation, significant drought affected 60 to 99% of the territory from July to October, with moderate to severe drought conditions in the southern regions. Additionally, wildfires, such as those in Mourísia in August, highlighted ongoing climate-related challenges.

Global Context of Weather Trends

Globally, 2025 has been noted as a contender for the second hottest year on record. The effects of climate change were evident across the continent, especially in the UK, which experienced its hottest year to date.

As environmental challenges mount, scientists stress the urgency of addressing climate impacts. According to the World Weather Attribution, a significant portion of extreme weather events in 2025 was directly linked to human-induced climate change.

In conclusion, Portugal’s experience in 2025 reflects broader trends of climate instability and extreme weather, urging collective action and awareness of the ongoing crisis.