Kyrgyz MP Challenges Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan on Irrigation Water Payments
A vibrant debate surrounding Kyrgyzstan’s water resources has emerged, focusing on the need for compensation from Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan for irrigation water sourced from Kyrgyz reservoirs. During a parliamentary meeting on February 9, MP Umbetaly Kydyraliev raised significant concerns regarding escalating water shortages, attributed to climate change, and emphasized the lack of economic return from water exports.
Kyrgyzstan’s Water Resources and Export Concerns
Kydyraliev pointed out that approximately 80% of the water from Kyrgyz reservoirs is allocated to Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. He questioned, “How are we resolving this issue with them?” This query highlights the ongoing tension regarding the equitable distribution and compensation for shared water resources.
Cooperation Over Compensation
In response to these concerns, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Water Resources, Agriculture, and Processing Industry, Bakyt Torobaev, clarified that Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan currently do not provide direct financial payments for water. Instead, they have invested in significant regional infrastructure initiatives, particularly the Kambar-Ata-1 hydropower plant.
Torobaev explained that this cooperative approach is centered on mutual benefits rather than financial transactions. Both countries have shown a commitment to ensuring reliable water access, supporting the hydropower initiative accordingly.
Kambar-Ata-1: A Strategic Hydropower Investment
The Kambar-Ata-1 project, which dates back to the Soviet era, is set to become one of Central Asia’s largest hydropower facilities. Upon its completion, Kambar-Ata-1 is anticipated to exceed the output of Kyrgyzstan’s primary electrical source, the Toktogul station. The estimated investment for the project is around $3.6 billion.
Financial Responsibilities for Reservoir Maintenance
Kydyraliev expressed concern over other vital reservoirs, including Kempir-Abad, Kirov, and Orto-Tokoy, which remain under Kyrgyzstan’s control. These reservoirs are managed through annual intergovernmental commissions, which determine the water release. However, Kyrgyzstan receives no financial compensation for maintaining these facilities.
- Kempir-Abad: Jointly managed with Uzbekistan.
- Kirov: Under Kyrgyz control.
- Orto-Tokoy: Under Kyrgyz control.
Kydyraliev questioned, “Does this mean Kyrgyzstan gains no economic benefit from maintaining these hydropower facilities?” He stressed the real costs involved in repairs, water level stabilization, and dam inspections and pointed out that other nations compensate for water usage under international law.
Official Stance on Payment Demands
Deputy Energy Minister Nasipbek Kerimov stated that the issue is under joint study by energy and water specialists. Torobaev added that the discussions remain confidential, noting that President Sadyr Japarov has instructed officials not to demand payments from neighboring countries. Instead, Kyrgyzstan will independently bear maintenance costs, with any external support being voluntary.
