Ibrahim Khaldoon Hilmi was brought back to the U.S. from Turkey on Friday after Turkish authorities detained him in connection with a $3.7 billion Medicare fraud case. The FBI said Hilmi will face charges in the U.S. after a foreign transfer of custody operation that ended months on the run.
Hilmi is accused of helping mastermind what Kash Patel called one of the biggest Medicare scams in history. Patel said, “Ibrahim Khaldoon Hilmi is charged with one of the biggest Medicare scams in history — allegedly orchestrating a massive $3.7 billion scheme to defraud Medicare.”
FBI Miami and Turkish authorities
The FBI said its Critical Incident Response Group flew to Turkey and transported Hilmi to the U.S. on Friday. Patel credited FBI Miami, the Department of Justice and Turkish authorities with helping secure Hilmi’s capture and return, describing the arrest as “another massive win.”
Patel also said, “He's been on the run since May of 2025 — but we got him.” That timeline matters because Hilmi fled the U.S. in May 2025 before Turkish authorities detained him abroad.
One of the largest Medicare cases
The FBI said Hilmi’s case is part of one of the largest Medicare fraud schemes in U.S. history. The scale places the return in the same category as a separate recent case in which Herbert Kimble was brought back by the FBI on Thursday in a Medicare fraud matter worth approximately $1.3 billion.
That sequence shows a broader push by the FBI against alleged Medicare fraud fugitives, with Hilmi now back in American custody and facing charges in the U.S. after his transfer from Turkey.
Hilmi in Turkey and U.S. charges
What comes next for Hilmi is the court process in the U.S., where the FBI said he will face charges tied to the alleged $3.7 billion scheme. The return closes the gap between his months abroad and the case now moving forward in American custody.
The remaining question is the exact charge package prosecutors will use once the case advances in the U.S. For now, the major change is simple: Hilmi is no longer in Turkey, and the FBI has him back in the United States.
